1 Introduction
If any university elsewhere in Europe; Takshasila, Vikramshila, Pallavi and Nalanda were the centers of Global Learning and students’ attract world. The development of modern education in India started with the foundation of Hindu College of Calcutta in 1817. During the British rule was the first university in Calcutta, to confer the Bachelor of women in 1883.
After independence, many universities have been opened by the government and private sector. The main purpose of this opening of universities is not to make profits but to serve society through the mediation of higher education, and studies related to social and pure sciences. The fees collected by the students a minimum to ensure that these institutions have been generating deficits as there was a need for donations and aid go to its fixed costs and to cover the operation. But little by little, he was a radical change in the scene. The education sector is emerging as one of the opportunities the most profitable. The increase in the number of private schools and institutions supporting the fact. Higher education is no exception in this regard. Gradually, most of the subsidiaries has also entered the picture.
2 Corporatization of Higher Education />
education day is an industry of billions of dollars. It is a service industry in the field of education is a service with a huge global market in which students, teachers and resources in non-teaching staff for a profit. Thus, marketing concepts are also applicable. The market for their products and the organizations themselves to survive. In this area students are customers, service providers and teachers of the institutions are an organizer or promoter and the teaching-learning is not doing more to build a nation, but a business for profit. Education at all levels will continue to grow as he grows the human spirit and makes people feel important and useful all-round development of a country, but growth in business sector as a major service industry . On Predatory and powerful multinationals focused on public education, including higher education, nonprofit organizations. Although largely a service supported by the government, most governments are the consequences of neoliberal economic reforms, leaving. The Government of India through extensive privatization, commercialization and deregulation is to promote this process.
3 education under the GATS umbrella
In 1996 the United States, the export of education services and training eighth reached $ 2,000,000,000, and its trade surplus in the education sector amounted to $ 7 billion. Higher education has been the export of services in fifth place by the United States. Therefore, the pressure from the United States on WTO member countries regarding trade in services in the areas of education is obvious to understand.
The United States, the European Union (EU), Japan and Canada are the main forces behind the GATS. Although WTO membership consists of nation states, transnational corporations in these countries, which sit on all important “advisory” committees and determine the detailed shape its agenda policy. Although denial of access to health care, education, housing and long-term care for millions of workers and their families throughout the world, the contract will dictate the political culture of these societies, as if to give the public order and control.
GATS consists of two elements: (i) the framework agreement containing 29 items, and (ii) a series of annexes, ministerial orders, etc., the list of obligations each member of the government that bind them to allow access to markets and / or removal of existing restrictions on market access. This agreement covers all services, including education
If the services provided entirely by the government, they are excluded from the rule of the GATS. For service to the scope of the rule of the GATS, it must be free. However, if the service or the government have been partially or some prices are provided without charge (as defined in education, where fees are charged), or by private providers, they fall under the rule of the GATS .
The list of WTO informal classification (W/120) divides educational services into five parts: (a) primary education (b) secondary education ( c) higher education (d) Adult (s) other education.
The idea is to create an open global market, where services such as education can be traded to the highest bidder. under GATS educational services in all countries where education systems are not exclusively public sector, or education systems, which have made for commercial purposes. In India, we can not get relief in the teaching of the GATS, education is at all levels, particularly at the tertiary level, not free (ie pay a fee to )
business because of their large financial resources are able to attract the best talent in the country and they are therefore to provide a quality service to their clients (the students). You have access to new sources of funding. In India, the issue of shares by schools and education institutions and their trading on the stock market will be a reality. So maybe the quality of the institution by the stock price on the stock market and like any other business of wealth maximization is the main objective of the Institute and all efforts will be to increase market share and eventually will be assessed increase in market capitalization. The government is reducing subsidies to universities and colleges and institutions are encouraged to arrange their own financing. In this scenario, the educational institution, which will not be won surpluses, as any device industry more die looking. It is high time to earn an income for these institutions, and thinking more competitive to survive.
But if these institutions are absolutely on a commercial basis for profit, of course, to earn fees for students is provided at no cost will be higher. The application of certain practices unethical and unfair to the collection of students and make up its benefits can be overlooked in this scenario.
4 Indian reality
In a country like India, where a large proportion of our population lives below the poverty line, nearly 35% of the population remains illiterate, and we talk about eliminating poverty and illiteracy in this situation, most people will be victims of violence. The government and its institutions must deal with this aspect. Therefore, higher education scholarships by applying high tariffs universities and colleges run by the government are not desirable and that the government must take into account the well-being of its human aspect. But before concluding that we have to notice the following two fundamental realities and hard this regard: –
1 p India is the country of the WTO should be guided by decisions and regulations of the WTO. Thus, it can not stop the universities and institutes operating in India to be large financial, material and intellectual resources, and has obtained a commercial basis to perform absolute profit.
2 The Government of India is the reduction of grants and assistance provided to government and universities, these institutions are called upon to mobilize resources from domestic sources and external sources. They are also the UGC and NAAC has asked to be competitive.
Now is the time and opportunity for our institutions and government-funded universities and colleges to compete and go to globalization. This is possible only if they earn on their own surplus and are effectively and efficiently managed. But at the same time we need for the weaker sections of society could not afford a high level of expenditure for the study of thought.
it is high time for educational institutions on a business model, which is to be able to compete with foreign universities as well as the weakest building society will also be provided.
5 model Arvindo Eye Hospital, Madurai />
Arvindo Eye Hospital in Madurai has an excellent business model to show how to serve an organization in society on the one hand, and can earn a profitable income from the other side. The Arvindo Eye Hospital, the economically poor are treated free and patients who can afford the necessary treatments are provided free. Over two thirds of patients in hospital are treated under the old class economically privileged, and yet he won the hospital made significant gains. But the opinion of a political odd is that the service provided to both categories of rich and poor patients are exactly the same and without compromise of any kind is provided in terms of quality of care and services . The secret behind the success of the hospital is the volume of business and be patient, the hospital is not money for conspicuous consumption. The promotion is by word of mouth and print media mass.
similar model can be used by our government and universities to be accepted, with the necessary fees for students whose parents can pay the same charge, and concessions to students economically disadvantaged has. With globalization, liberalization, privatization and economic growth have a job more and more people in the private sector to increase the purchasing power in the hands of the middle and upper class of society became conscious and can provide high quality education contribute to higher prices. It is a positive factor that can universities to cash and which also supports the above model.
notes
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1 http://www. British Columbia. edu/bc_org/avp/soe/cihe/newsletter/news23/text001. htm
2 Www. Education. nic. in / htmlweb / iperposch. htm
3 Www. pd. DIPC. org/2002/feb17/02172002_wto_educ_2. htm_2000
4 A case study on Arbind Eye Hospital, Madurai, IIMB Review, September 2005.
5 Kumar R; World Trade Organization, structure, functions, tasks, challenges and profound Publications, 2004.